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Doc.dr. Dalibor Paar
Department of Physics |
Links for students Izrada diplomski radova
Znanstveni linkovi
Europski projekt SOLeNeMaR
Izvješće o završenom
projektu: |
Summary of Research Activities in Croatian Karst and Work on Karst Conservation
European project: Strengthening the SOLid-state research capacities in Zagreb by the introduction of the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance method
Coordinator: Miroslav Požek
Duration: 03/2009-02/2012
Project web page: nmr.phy.hr
The main goal of the project is the introduction of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance method (ssNMR) at Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb (PDFS), which proved to be one of the key methods for the microscopic investigations of strongly correlated electron systems, high temperature superconductors, quantum magnets, conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, and many other problems of condensed matter physics. We plan the acquisition of an ssNMR spectrometer suitable for measurements of broad spectral lines in strongly correlated systems, measurements at low temperatures, and in variable magnetic fields. Also, zero-field measurements of nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR), that give very important information about local charge distribution, can be conducted by the use of this spectrometer.
Selected publications
Lang, G; Grafe, H.-J.; Hammerath, F.; Manthey, K.; Paar, Dalibor; Behr, G.; Werner, J.; Hamann- Borrero, J.; Büchner, B. Probing of the charge distribution in iron pnictides. // Physica. C, Superconductivity. 470 (2010) , S1; S454-S455
Lang, G.; Grafe, H.- J.; Paar, Dalibor; Hammerath, F.; Manthey, K.; Behr, G.; Werner, J.; Buchner, B. Nanoscale electronic order in iron pnictides. // Physical Review Letters. 104 (2010) , 9; 097001-1-097001-4
Paar, Dalibor; Grafe, H.-J.; Lang, G.; Hammerath, F.; Manthey, K.; Behr, G.; Werner, J.; Büchner, B. NMR study of the electronic properties of superconducting LaO0.9F0.1FeAs. // Physica. C, Superconductivity. 470 (2010) , S1; S468-S469
Grafe, H.-J.; Lang, G.; Hammerath, F.; Paar, Dalibor; Manthey, K.; Koch, K.; Rosner, H.; Curro, N. J.; Behr, G.; Werner, J.; Leps, N.; Klingeler, R.; Klaus, H.-H.; Litterst, F. J.; Büchner, B. Electronic properties of LaO1− xFxFeAs in the normal state probed by NMR/NQR. // New Journal of Physics. 11 (2009) ; 035002-1-035002-14
Grafe, H.-J.; Paar, Dalibor; Lang, G.; Curro, N. J.; Behr, G.; Werner, J.; Hamann-Borrero, J.; Hess, C.; Leps, N.; Klingeler, R.; Büchner, B., 75As NMR studies of superconducting LaFeAsO0.9F0.1. // Physical Review Letters. 101 (2008) ; 0473003-1-0473003-4
Summary of Research Activities in Solid State Physics (Microwave spectroscopy)
D.Paar, Microwave properties of YBa2Cu3Ox single
crystal with different doping, Ph.D. dissertation, Faculty of Science, Univ. of
Zagreb, 2006.
The experimental measurements of the microwave surface impedance of an optimally
doped (Tc = 90K) and underdoped (Tc = 59 K) single crystal YBa2Cu3Ox were
carried out in the temperature range 5-150 K and external magnetic field 0-16 T.
We have measured a change in the Q-factor and resonant frequency of the
microwave cavity loaded with sample and determined a surface impedance change.
With measurement in five resonant modes (9.33 GHz – 17.48 GHz) anisotropic
properties of the samples were analyzed. Experimental measurements showed clear
difference between the properties of optimally doped and underdoped sample. In
underdoped sample in the normal state, a semiconductive behavior of the surface
resistance was observed in the c-axis direction, and metallic dependence in ab
plane. The temperature dependence of the complex conductivity in ab plane and in
c-axis direction was determined. The London penetration depths in ab plane and
in c-axis direction were found ab-lambda(0)=144 nm, c-lambda(0)=1.06 microm for
optimally doped sample and ab-lambda(0)=259 nm, c-lambda(0)=11.4 microm for
underdoped sample. Using the effective conductivity model we have analyzed
magnetic field dependence of the surface impedance, for the determination of the
upper critical field and the study of vortex dynamics. Upper critical field in
B||ab orientation, close to the temperature of superconductive transition,
showed =-10.9 T/K for optimally doped sample, and = -14.6 T/K for underdoped
sample. In both samples in BDC||c orientation, we have observed magnetic
dependence of the surface resistance with inflection point that moves to higher
fields at lower temperatures. Possible explanation is vortex glass-to-liquid
transition in the mixed state. For the parts of the curves in the glassy phase
in the optimally doped sample, the upper critical field showed the slope dBc2/dT
= - 5.1 T/K, that is unexpectedly higher than dBc2/dT = -2.6 T/K determined by
conventional methods for the phase transition in the normal state.
D.Paar, Investigation of superconductive and magnetic
properties of RuSr2XCu2O8, X=Eu,Gd by microwave cavity perturbation method,
M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Zagreb, 2002.
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We have performed temperature and magnetic field dependence
measurements of a microwave absorption in a sintered ceramic sample and
a powdered sample dispersed in epoxy resin of the superconductive hybrid
ruthenocuprates RuSr2EuCu2O8 and RuSr2GdCu2O8. Measurements were
performed with a new method for the precise measurement of Q-factor and
resonance frequency of a microwave cavity. Microwave resistance was
measured in temperature range from 5 K up to 200 K in magnetic field
from 0 to 8 T. In both ceramic samples a peak was found near a magnetic ordering temperature at ~130 K. It is superimposed on a broad maximum which extends approximately 50 K above and below the magnetic ordering temperature. The microwave resistance decreases with increasing magnetic field in this region. The intergranular effects were separated from the intragranular effects by performing microwave measurements on the sintered ceramic sample as well as on the powdered sample. The powdered sample does not show semiconductor-like upturn below 120 K, so in the ceramic samples it is due to the intergranular conduction paths. The powdered sample also exhibits the peak at the magnetic ordering temperature, so it is an intrinsic property. In the superconductive state of RuSr2EuCu2O8 (Tc=32 K) we found the evidence of numerous superconducting weak-links in the ceramic sample which are all drive normal for the magnetic fields greater than 0.5 T at 5 K. |
In the superconductive state of RuSr2GdCu2O8 (Tc=50 K) the microwave
absorption in zero field at 5 K is higher than in 8 T. The Gadolinium ESR line
is superimposed on the microwave resistance which is dominated by the
oscillations of the vortices at higher fields.
A detailed analysis of the microwave data on both, ceramic and powder samples
show that the penetration depth remains frequency dependent and larger than the
London penetration depth even at low temperatures. A consistent interpretation
can be made with a model which base the coexistence of superconductivity and
magnetic order on decoupled RuO2 and CuO2 planes. The conductivity in the RuO2
planes remains normal even when a superconducting order is developed in the CuO2
planes below the critical temperature.
This work was made in cooperation with D.-N. Peligrad,
B. Nebendahl and M. Mehring from 2. Physikalische institut, Universität
Stuttgart, Deutschland, and G.M.W. Williams from Industrial Research Limited,
Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
Experimental method
Experimental method was developed and measurements were performed in the Laboratory for high frequency measurements, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Univ. of Zagreb in the cooperation with prof. M. Mehring, D.-N. Peligrad and B. Nebendahl from 2. Physikalische institut, Universität Stuttgart, Deutschland.
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The microwave measurements were made in an
elliptical eTE111 copper cavity operating at frequencies between 9 and
20 GHz. For the purpose of the present study it is essential to have a
system with high stability so that very small changes of the Q factor
can be reproducibly measured over long time scales. Therefore, the body
of the microwave cavity was kept at liquid helium temperature. The
unloaded cavity had a Q factor of about 25 000. The sample was mounted
on a sapphire sample holder and positioned in the cavity center where
the microwave electric field has maximum. The temperature of the sample
could be varied from liquid helium to room temperature. The cryostat
with the microwave cavity was placed in a superconducting magnet so that
the sample could be exposed to a dc magnetic field of up to 16 T. The
changes in the properties of the sample caused by either temperature
variation or magnetic field were detected by a corresponding change in
the Q factor of the cavity and a resonant frequency shift. The quantity
1/2Q represents the total losses of the cavity and the sample. The
experimental uncertainty in the determination of 1/2Q was about 0.03
ppm. We present our data as the difference D(1/2Q) between the measured
values with and without the sample in the cavity. The resonant frequency
of the cavity loaded with the sample was measured with a microwave
frequency counter and the results are expressed as Df / f , where f is
the frequency at the beginning of the measurement and Df is the
frequency shift. If the microwave penetration depth is much less than
the sample thickness and the measured quantities are simply related to
the surface impedance of the material. Both quantities can be
temperature and field dependent. The sample is placed in the center of
the cavity where the magnetic component of the microwave field has a
node in the empty cavity. However, the wavelength in the conducting
sample is much shorter than in vacuum so that a magnetic microwave field
is also present within the skin depth from the sample surface. The total
microwave impedance comprises both nonresonant resistance and resonant
spin contributions.
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Laboratory for high frequency measurements Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Prof. Dr. M.Požek,
Prof. Dr. A.Dulčić, Dr. D.Paar Experimental equipment |
Selected publications
Grbić, Mihael Srđan; Požek, Miroslav; Paar, Dalibor; Hinkov, Vladimir; Raichle, Markus; Haug, Daniel; Keimer, Bernd; Barišić, Neven; Dulčić, Antonije. Temperature range of superconducting fluctuations above Tc in YBa2Cu3O7-d single crystals. // Physicsl Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. 83 (2011) , 14; 144508-1-144508-12
Narduzzo, A.; Grbić, Mihael Srđan; Požek, Miroslav; Dulčić, Antonije; Paar, Dalibor; Kondrat, A.; Hess, C.; Hellmann, I.; Klingeler, R.; Werner, J.; Köhler, A.; Behr, G.; Büchner, B. Upper critical field, penetration depth, and depinning frequency of the high-temperature superconductor LaFeAs0.9O0.1 studied by microwave surface impedance. // Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. 78 (2008) , 1; 012507-1-012507-4.
Požek, Miroslav; Kupčić, Ivan; Dulčić, Antonije; Hamzić, Amir; Paar, Dalibor; Basletić, Mario; Tafra, Emil; Williams, Grant V. M., Microwave and magnetotransport properties of RuSr2RCu2O8 (R = Eu, Gd) doped with Sn. // Physical Review B - Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. 77 (2008) , 21; 214514-1-214514-9.
Požek, Miroslav; Grbić, Mihael S.; Janjušević, Dragan; Dulčić, Antonije; Paar, Dalibor; Wagner, Thomas., Mixed state conductivity of thin niobium films in perpendicular magnetic fields. // Physica C. 460-462, (2007) 1291-1292.
D. Janjušević, M.S. Grbić, M. Požek, A. Dulčić, D. Paar, B. Nebendahl, T. Wagner, Microwave response of thin niobium films in the perpendicular static magnetic fields. Physical Review B. 74 (2006.) , 10; 104501.
A. Dulčić, M. Požek, D. Paar, E.-M. Choi, H.-J. Kim, W.N. Kang, S.-I. Lee, Anisotropy in MgB2 thin film studied by magnetic field dependent complex microwave conductivity. Physica C. 408-410 (2004) ; 662-663.
A. Dulčić, M. Požek, D. Paar, E.-M. Choi, H.-J. Kim, W.N. Kang, S.-I. Lee. Coherence lengths and anisotropy in MgB2 superconductor. Physical Review B. 67 (2003) , 02; 020507(R).
A. Dulčić, D. Paar, M. Požek, G.V. M. Williams, S. Krämer, Magnetization and Microwave Study of Superconducting MgB2. Physical Review B. 66 (2002) , 01; 014505.
M. Požek, A. Dulčić, D. Paar, A. Hamzić, M. Basletić, E. Tafra, G.V. M. Williams, S. Krämer, Decoupled CuO2 and RuO2 layers in superconducting and magnetically ordered RuSr2GdCu2O8. Physical Review B. 65 (2002) ; 174514.
D.-N. Peligrad, B. Nebendahl, M. Mehring, A. Dulčić, M. Požek, D. Paar, General solution for the complex frequency shift in microwave measurements of thin films. Physical Review B. 64 (2001) ; 224504.
A. Dulčić, D. Paar, M. Požek, G.V. M. Williams, S. Krämer, A Transport and Microwave Study of Superconducting and Magnetic RuSr_2EuCu_2O_8. Physical Review B. 64 (2001), 6406; 4508-4508.
D.-N. Peligrad, B. Nebendahl, C. Kessler, M. Mehring, A. Dulčić, M. Požek, D. Paar, Cavity Perturbation by Superconducting Films in Microwave Magnetic and Electric Fields. Physical review B 58 (1998) , 17; 11652-11671.